Climate change – causes, consequences and control measures

 

                   World meteorological organization of UNO, the other day informed through a press release that the period 2023 to 2027 is going to be the hottest period in the annals of history. The main reasons for this high temperature as per the report is  green - house gases and El nino

effect in Pacific ocean. The  other day  a very senior citizen from a remote village remarked that the temperature is shooting up and is becoming unbearable. Discussions are going on at various levels in the national and international levels the seriousness of the problem and the steps to be taken to mitigate the sufferings.

Climate is the long term weather pattern in a region over a period of thirty years. Weather can change from hour to hour, day to day, month to month or even year to year. Weather is the state of atmosphere at a particular place, at a  particular time with respect to heat, wind, rain,  sunshine etc.

Climate change refers to long- shifts in temperature and  weather pattern. The change may be natural ; but since 1800, it has been observed that human activities have a very important role in this  aspect.

The causes for climate change are:

Green hose gases-

 

          Carbon dioxide

          Nitrous oxide

          Methane

          Chlorofluorocarbon

          Water vapor

The green house gases are emitted due to human activities like burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, gas; cutting of trees etc. Green house gases are transparent to  incoming (short wave) radiation from the sun but bloc infrared (long wave ) radiation from leaving the earth’s surface. The green house cover traps radiation from the sun and heats the earth’s surface.

The main effects of climate change are:

Rise in temperature

Rise in sea level

Severe storms

Increased droughts

According to a study conducted by scientists in Odissa (India) the sea level of Odissa coast rose by 0.19cm each year. The study also revealed that if  sea level rose by 1 m in future , It could submerge 29% of the district Kendrapara. It has also found that the sea level rises over the whole world due to global warming. The warming melts the ice and the thermal expansion of ocean water increases the volume of water leading to rise in sea level.

It is high time that the society as a whole and also the governments at the national and international levels have to take necessary steps to reduce the effects of climate change.

Control measures

To have a suitable climate to live, the  average emissions per person per year will have to drop to a reasonable level.

The suggest actions to tackle the climate crisis are:

          Save energy at home

          Switch to electric vehicle

          Use  more public transport

          Reduce, reuse , repair and recycle 

          Switch over to wind, solar energy

Inter government panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a UN body to assess the facts related to climate change. It provides information for various government agencies so that they can formulate the polices

with respect to climate change.

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At 71, be young as 17

  

                                      Key  words- Age, Health, Life

“Time and tide wait for no man” thus goes the old adage. Days roll into months and months to years. We can’t stop the clock ticking.

Human body becomes weak in old age, black hair turns to white, joints  become stiff, memory weakens … like that so many problems of old age.

Death is inevitable; that is a fact of life.

However, we can delay the process of ageing and the problems associated with old age can be mitigated to a certain extent. We will be able to lead a healthy, happy and energetic life even after crossing the barrier at 60.

But  how?  That is a big question. Let us try to get an answer to that.

Physical Fitness:

Ageing is a natural process. It is a gradual degenerating phenomenon. However, the speed with which the human body degenerates is a variable factor. In addition to the heredity, geographical, climatic and racial factors, it depends on the lifestyle of the individual concerned. A faulty life style means lack of physical exercise, improper food,   smoking, use of   intoxicating drugs etc. The busy modern life inflicts too much mental   tension.  The combined effect of all these is the deterioration of health   which in turn accelerates the ageing process.

Mental Attitude:

Not only maintaining physical fitness, it is very essential to develop a positive attitude in life. Thought molds and shapes a man.

Try to keep the heart young. Never think – “I have become old “; “At 61, think I am 16. “

The old saying is perfectly apt- “As a man thinketh, so he becometh”. Your present is the result of your past thoughts, and the future is the result of present thoughts.

Persons having  confidence, hope and cheerfulness spread similar feelings on others. They bring happiness to others.

On the other hand people with negative temperaments such as anger, envy, hatred and ill feelings infect others and do harm.

So be happy and try to lead a healthy life  with a positive attitude.

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ഓണം Onam ओणम

Onam is the most  important festival of Kerala. This year it falls on 5 September,Friday. The festival is being celebrated with full vigor by all sections of the society irrespective of cast, creed or religion. The celebrations last for ten days culminating on thiruvonam day. All family members normally assemble in their ancestral homes and have a grand feast. Ladies enact  special dance program called kaikottikali and youngsters play pulikkali, tug of war, onathallu etc.

The legend behind the onam festival is as follows-

In ancient times, Kerala it was told was ruled by a  king called Mahabali. People were very happy with the rule of the king. There was no theft, cheating  or any type of quarrel among the people. As  per legend, every year King Mahabali visits his kingdom (kerala) in the month of Chingam (August - September) to find out  the wellbeing of his people. Onam is also known as  harvest festival and symbolizes the home coming of king Mahabali.

                                                             King Mahabali

As part of the celebrations,  flowers are  laid in front of houses in  different style and formats(pookkalam) . Children in villages go out early in the morning and pluck the flowers.

 

      Flower arrangement(pookkalam)

                             

                                            Kaikottikali

                                                                                                           Ona sadhya

                                                                                                              

Boat races are generally conducted during the onam period. Nehru trophy boat race is the most popular one. This is usually held in the second week of August at the Punnamada lake in Alappuzha district. Large number of foreign tourists generally come to witness the boat race.

                                                       Nehru trophy boat race

Onakkodi

                                   

Onakkodi (new dresses) is an important part of festival. It is the custom to gift new dresses to all the family members and they are expected to wear these to welcome erstwhile king Mahabali.

Now a days onam is being  celebrated in a grand scale abroad also -  USA , UK, Middle East etc.

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 കേരളത്തിൻ്റെ ഏറ്റവും പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ആഘോഷമാണ് ഓണം. ഈ വർഷം അത് സെപ്റ്റംബർ 5 നാണ്. ജാതി, മത ഭേദമന്യേ സമൂഹത്തിലെ എല്ലാ വിഭാഗക്കാരും ആവേശത്തോടെയാണ് ഉത്സവം ആഘോഷിക്കുന്നത്. അത്തം മുതൽ തിരുവോണ നാളിൽ സമാപിക്കുന്ന ആഘോഷങ്ങൾ പത്ത് ദിവസം നീണ്ടുനിൽക്കും. എല്ലാ കുടുംബാംഗങ്ങളും സാധാരണയായി അവരുടെ പൂർവ്വിക ഭവനങ്ങളിൽ ഒത്തുകൂടുകയും ഒരു വലിയ വിരുന്ന് നടത്തുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു. സ്ത്രീകൾ കൈകൊട്ടികളി എന്ന പ്രത്യേക നൃത്തപരിപാടി അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നു, യുവാക്കൾ പുലിക്കളി, വടംവലി, ഓണത്തള്ള് തുടങ്ങിയവ കളിക്കുന്നു.

ഓണാഘോഷത്തിന് പിന്നിലെ ഐതിഹ്യം ഇങ്ങനെയാണ്-

പുരാതന കാലത്ത് കേരളം ഭരിച്ചിരുന്നത് മഹാബലി എന്ന രാജാവായിരുന്നു. രാജാവിൻ്റെ ഭരണത്തിൽ ജനങ്ങൾ വളരെ സന്തുഷ്ടരായിരുന്നു. ആളുകൾക്കിടയിൽ മോഷണമോ വഞ്ചനയോ ഏതെങ്കിലും തരത്തിലുള്ള വഴക്കോ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നില്ല. ഐതിഹ്യമനുസരിച്ച്, എല്ലാ വർഷവും ചിങ്ങമാസത്തിൽ (ആഗസ്റ്റ് - സെപ്റ്റംബർ) മഹാബലി രാജാവ് തൻ്റെ രാജ്യം (കേരളം) സന്ദർശിക്കുന്നത് തൻ്റെ ജനങ്ങളുടെ ക്ഷേമം കണ്ടെത്തുന്നു. മഹാബലി രാജാവിൻ്റെ ഗൃഹപ്രവേശത്തിൻ്റെ പ്രതീകമായ ഓണം വിളവെടുപ്പ് ഉത്സവം എന്നും അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു.

                                                                മഹാബലി രാജാവ്

ആഘോഷങ്ങളുടെ ഭാഗമായി വീടുകൾക്ക് മുന്നിൽ വ്യത്യസ്ത ശൈലിയിലും രൂപത്തിലും പൂക്കളം വയ്ക്കും. ഗ്രാമങ്ങളിലെ കുട്ടികൾ അതിരാവിലെ പുറത്തിറങ്ങി പൂക്കൾ പറിക്കുന്നു.

                                                             പൂക്കളം (പൂക്കളം)

                                                            കൈകൊട്ടികളി

വള്ളംകളി പൊതുവെ ഓണക്കാലത്താണ് നടക്കുന്നത്. നെഹ്‌റു ട്രോഫി വള്ളംകളിയാണ് ഏറ്റവും പ്രചാരമുള്ളത്. ഇത് സാധാരണയായി ആലപ്പുഴ ജില്ലയിലെ പുന്നമട കായലിൽ ആഗസ്റ്റ് രണ്ടാം വാരത്തിലാണ് നടക്കുന്നത്. വള്ളംകളി കാണാൻ പൊതുവെ ധാരാളം വിദേശ സഞ്ചാരികൾ എത്താറുണ്ട്.

                                                                      ഓണ സദ്യ

 

                                               നെഹ്‌റു ട്രോഫി വള്ളംകളി

                 ഓണക്കോടി

ഓണക്കോടി (പുതിയ വസ്ത്രങ്ങൾ) ഉത്സവത്തിൻ്റെ ഒരു പ്രധാന ഭാഗമാണ്. എല്ലാ കുടുംബാംഗങ്ങൾക്കും പുതിയ വസ്ത്രങ്ങൾ സമ്മാനിക്കുന്നത് പതിവാണ്, പഴയ രാജാവായ മഹാബലിയെ സ്വാഗതം ചെയ്യാൻ അവർ ഇത് ധരിക്കുമെന്ന് പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കുന്നു.

ഇപ്പോൾ വിദേശത്തും വലിയ തോതിൽ ഓണം ആഘോഷിക്കുന്നു - യുഎസ്എ, യുകെ, മിഡിൽ ഈസ്റ്റ് മുതലായവ.

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ओणम केरल का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण त्यौहार है। इस साल यह 5 September है। यह त्यौहार समाज के सभी वर्गों द्वारा जाति, धर्म या पंथ से परे पूरे जोश के साथ मनाया जाता है। यह उत्सव दस दिनों तक चलता है और थिरुवोनम के दिन समाप्त होता है। सभी परिवार के सदस्य आम तौर पर अपने पैतृक घरों में इकट्ठा होते हैं और एक भव्य दावत करते हैं। महिलाएँ कैकोट्टिकली नामक विशेष नृत्य कार्यक्रम करती हैं और युवा पुलिक्कली, रस्साकशी, ओनाथल्लू आदि खेलते हैं।

ओणम त्यौहार के पीछे की किंवदंती इस प्रकार है-

प्राचीन काल में, केरल में महाबली नामक राजा का शासन था। लोग राजा के शासन से बहुत खुश थे। लोगों के बीच कोई चोरी, धोखाधड़ी या किसी भी प्रकार का झगड़ा नहीं था। किंवदंती के अनुसार, हर साल राजा महाबली अपने लोगों की भलाई जानने के लिए चिंगम (अगस्त-सितंबर) के महीने में अपने राज्य (केरल) का दौरा करते हैं। ओणम को फसल उत्सव के रूप में भी जाना जाता है और यह राजा महाबली के घर वापस आने का प्रतीक है।

                                       

                         

                                    राजा महाबली

उत्सव के हिस्से के रूप में, घरों के सामने अलग-अलग शैली और स्वरूपों में फूल बिछाए जाते हैं (पुक्कलम)। गांवों में बच्चे सुबह-सुबह बाहर निकलकर फूल तोड़ते हैं।

                                                        फूलों की सजावट (पुक्कलम)

 

                  कैकोट्टिकली

                                                        ओना साध्या

नाव दौड़ आम तौर पर ओणम के दौरान आयोजित की जाती है। नेहरू ट्रॉफी नाव दौड़ सबसे लोकप्रिय है। यह आम तौर पर अगस्त के दूसरे सप्ताह में अलपुझा जिले के पुन्नमदा झील में आयोजित की जाती है। बड़ी संख्या में विदेशी पर्यटक आम तौर पर नाव दौड़ देखने आते हैं।

 

                नेहरू ट्रॉफी नाव दौड़

                                                                  ओनाक्कोडी

ओनाक्कोडी (नए कपड़े) त्योहार का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है। परिवार के सभी सदस्यों को नए कपड़े उपहार में देने का रिवाज है और उनसे अपेक्षा की जाती है कि वे पूर्व राजा महाबली के स्वागत में इन्हें पहनें।

आजकल ओणम विदेशों में भी बड़े पैमाने पर मनाया जा रहा है - अमेरिका, ब्रिटेन, मध्य पूर्व आदि।

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Diplomacy in ancient times and in present days

                                

              Key words - diplomacy, kings, war, peace, negotiations

          

Diplomacy is the art of conducting negotiations between two countries to avoid confrontation culminating in a war and to maintain peaceful relations. As per ancient scriptures of India, there are instances of diplomacy used to avoid war between two groups. 

Some such instances are:

According to Hindu mythology, Sree Rama of Ayodhya kingdom deputed Hanuman to Srilanka to negotiate with king of Srilanka - Ravana for releasing Sita from his captivity. But Ravana did not agree and fighting started between the two warring groups. Similarly  as per the epic Mahabaratha, Lord Krishna acted as mediator to abandon the idea of a war between the two sides -Pandavas and Kauravas. But Duryodhana did not agree for a truce and then war started.

The main aspects of diplomacy in India were:

1.Concept of dharma(righteousness)

2.Treaties and alliances

3.Envoys and ambassadors

4.Exchange of gifts

5.Non alignment and neutrality

6.Diplomatic immunity

7.Cultural exchange

King Chandra Gupta Maurya founded Maurya empire and ruled northern India from 321 BC   to 297 BC. Chanakya served as an adviser for Chandra Gupta. He gave much importance to diplomacy. According to him, war was the last resort to attain a solution. His opinion was that for a nation to be stable, power is very essential.

Types of diplomacy according to Chanakya.

1.    Peace (sandhi)

2.    War (vigraha)

3.    Neutrality(asana)

4.    Marching(yana)

5.    Alliance(samsraya)

6.    Dwidibhava (Peace  with one and war with another)

  

            Maurya kingdom

King Ashoka, wanted to expand his kingdom further. Kalinga (modern Odisha) was the neighboring country. He sent his emissary to meet king of Kalinga. But Kalinga king refused to surrender and war broke out. In the war, a large number of people were killed. Ashoka felt very sorry and was upset in the death of many persons. He then adopted Budhism.  He  went out on periodic tours preaching dharma to the rural people. He got constructed hospitals and  rest houses in different parts of the  kingdom. More trees were got planted on way sides.

Southern India was at that time ruled by Chera, Chola and Pandya kings. They frequently waged  wars against each other.

(6 century BCE to 13 century).

   Chera,Chola, Pandya kingdoms

The country was at that time ruled by several kings in different parts. Though diplomatic efforts were being carried out, majority of time the efforts were not succeeded  and ended in wars . Some of these wars are:

Samoodiri’s administrative boundary

 Battle of Calicut – Land and sea- Portugese and Zamorin of Calicut (1503)

Anglo Mysore war – Tippu sultan & his father Hyderali and East India company assisted by Nizam of Hyderabad and Marathas – 1799.

Maratha-Mughal war – Chatrapathi Shivaji Maharaj and Mughal king Aurangazeb – 1665

An entirely different strategy was adopted in India to get freedom from British rule. Mahatma Gandhi adopted satyagraha as a non - violent tool to fight against Britishers.

Many diplomatic efforts and round table conference were held and finally on August 15,1947 India got freedom.

Three years have elapsed since the start of Russia - Ukraine war. A very large number of casualties have taken place during this period. It is estimated that the financial losses are also quite high. Diplomatic discussions are going on at different levels between Russia, Ukraine, USA, Saudi Arabia and European nations to end the war at the earliest.

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Slope stability

 

SLOPE STABILITY

           Key words:  slope stability, causes, shearing strength

Introduction

Land  slides are the downward and outward  movements of  materials on the slope. The reason for this is the lack of required shear strength. The slope materials may be composed of natural rock and soil, artificial fills. Slides can occur in natural slopes as well as man- made structures and embankments.

Great care should be taken in the selection of good construction material and also suitable construction methods to avoid sliding of slopes.

Causes of slope failures

The causes of slope failures may be external or internal.

External: Steepening of the slopes, depositing of material along the edge of the slopes and earthquakes.

Internal: Decrease in shearing resistance due to excess pore water pressure, leaching of salts, softening and breakage of cementation bonds.

The other activities which may provoke land slides are: Rapid draw down, seepage of water, erosion, heavy rainfall, excavation at the toe of the slope, excavation at the head of the slope, blocking of the drainage.

Basic concepts of stability analysis

All sloping surfaces are subjected to shearing stresses .The shear available  should overcome the developed stresses. If the shearing stresses are more, then a surface of rupture will be formed at the verge of failure.

1. Finding the most severely stressed internal surface and the connected shearing stress along the surface   Finding the shearing strength along the surface

Instead of resorting to rigorous mathematical analysis, a reasonable shape of failure is assumed and then the stability of the soil above the assumed surface is analyzed.

 

Rates of land movement

The movements associated with land slides can be grouped under four heads.

-  Creep, pre-failure movements, movements during slides, post failure movements.

Creep may range from 1 to  few millimeters per year. Heavily over consolidated clays experience post failure movements, the speed of movements ranging from 0 to 6 m per year.

Importance of the Factor of Safety on slope stability analysis.

It is a measure of limiting the stress or strain so as to ensure the safety of the structure. As such, the working stress in any earth structure is much less than the shear strength of the soil.

The Factor of Safety may be defined as the ratio of shearing resistance available  along a slip surface to the total mobilized or developed shearing stress.

Both cohesion and friction contribute to the shearing strength

 

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Human Relations

 

                       key words-  relations, work place, productivity, employees                    

Man, it is told, is a social animal. Man can’t live in this world all alone. He has to maintain relations with his family members, with his colleagues in his work place, with the members of the society with whom he is associated.

In a work place (office) there must be cordial relations between the employees, between the employees and the employer. Also there must be cordial relations  between the employee and his family members. Then only the worker will be able to put all his energies and attention on his job. This is very essential for the overall progress of the company. It is necessary to have a healthy and peaceful environment in the work place. An employee should take interest in the welfare of his colleagues. Egoism should not come in the way. On the other hand the employee should be sympathetic towards his colleagues.

If the relations among employees are not healthy, the employees will like to quit  the job at the earliest opportunity. This is a big loss as far as the management is concerned, because training a new employee is time consuming and expensive. Also the productivity will be hampered which in turn cause great loss to the company.

For enhancing the productivity, employees must be motivated. As such employees must be rewarded for initiating new techniques and also for suggesting improved methods. The management should conduct opinion surveys and get employees reactions and suggestions for increasing productivity.

The following actions will help in maintaining good relations:

-       Be friendly and helpful

-       Take genuine interest in others

-       Have a smile on face and greet others

-       Call people by their names

In short, relationships are the very foundation of our lives, whether personal or professional. The ability to understand others’ feelings and communicate effectively with the people around will  help in mitigating others problems to a large extent.

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At 61, be young as 16

                                                   At 61, be Young as 16

                                      Key  words- Age, Health, Life

“Time and tide wait for no man” thus goes the old adage. Days roll into months and months to years. We can’t stop the clock ticking.

Human body becomes weak in old age, black hair turns to white, joints  become stiff, memory weakens … like that so many problems of old age.

Death is inevitable; that is a fact of life.

However, we can delay the process of ageing and the problems associated with old age can be mitigated to a certain extent. We will be able to lead a healthy, happy and energetic life even after crossing the barrier at 60.

But  how?  That is a big question. Let us try to get an answer to that.

Physical Fitness:

Ageing is a natural process. It is a gradual degenerating phenomenon. However, the speed with which the human body degenerates is a variable factor. In addition to the heredity, geographical, climatic and racial factors, it depends on the lifestyle of the individual concerned. A faulty life style means lack of physical exercise, improper food,   smoking, use of   intoxicating drugs etc. The busy modern life inflicts too much mental   tension.  The combined effect of all these is the deterioration of health   which in turn accelerates the ageing process.

Mental Attitude:

Not only maintaining physical fitness, it is very essential to develop a positive attitude in life. Thought molds and shapes a man.

Try to keep the heart young. Never think – “I have become old “; “At 61, think I am 16. “

The old saying is perfectly apt- “As a man thinketh, so he becometh”. Your present is the result of your past thoughts, and the future is the result of present thoughts.

Persons having  confidence, hope and cheerfulness spread similar feelings on others. They bring happiness to others.

On the other hand people with negative temperaments such as anger, envy, hatred and ill feelings infect others and do harm.

So be happy and try to lead a healthy life  with a positive attitude.

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Enjoy your life

 

 Unborn tomorrow and dead yesterday

key words - yesterday, tomorrow, forget, forgive

Swamiji  says, Why brood over the past? Forget  it ; .Concentrate on the  present .Forgive the sinners. Look and study the nature -The sky, sea, rain, fire, sun, moon. All have their role to play in our lives. Throw away unwanted thoughts from the minds. Make life simple and happy. Remain engaged in some work. Don't sit idle. The old saying "Idle mind is devil's workshop is perfectly apt.  Try to enjoy life .Help others to the maximum extent possible.

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Karma yoga - science of attaining perfection

   key words: karma yoga, mental peace, misgivings, mental capabilities

 Karama Yoga can be interpreted as the path of  ‘union through action.' It is the science of attaining perfection through action. Lord Krishna advises Arjuna to give up his misgivings and sorrows and do his righteous duty of fighting against the injustice by Kauras without consideration of personal desires, likes or dislikes.

In Bhagavat Gita, Krishna says ‘O Arjuna! Surrender all your works into me, with full knowledge of me, without desires for profit, with no claims to proprietorship and free from lethargy’.

It is believed that practice of Karma Yoga in daily life makes an individual fit, sharpen his reasoning power and develop his mental capabilities through action and meditation.

Practice of Karma Yoga

A karma yogi should have non-attachment to the fruits of his action. Non-attachment brings freedom from fear and sorrow. One can serve the humankind in different ways. He need not be a rich person. If one finds a poor, old and sick person lying on the road, give him some thing to eat and then take him to a nearby hospital for treatment. A family person can be a karma yogi by dedicating all his services to the good of his family, his neighbors and other members of the society at large.

While Hatha yoga concentrates on the physical well being of a human being, Bhakhthi yoga on spiritual realization of God, Karma Yoga caters for both physical and mental aspects.

Links:https://realhappiness.org/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858

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                                    कर्म योग की व्याख्या 

कर्म योग की व्याख्या 'कर्म के माध्यम से मिलन' के मार्ग के रूप में की जा सकती है। यह कर्म के माध्यम से पूर्णता प्राप्त करने का विज्ञान है। भगवान कृष्ण अर्जुन को सलाह देते हैं कि वह अपनी गलतफहमी और दुखों को त्याग दे और व्यक्तिगत इच्छाओं, पसंद या नापसंद के बारे में विचार किए बिना कौरवों द्वारा किए गए अन्याय के खिलाफ लड़ने का अपना धर्मी कर्तव्य निभाए।

भगवद्गीता में, कृष्ण कहते हैं 'हे अर्जुन! अपने सभी कर्मों को मुझमें समर्पित कर दो, मेरे बारे में पूरी जानकारी के साथ, लाभ की इच्छा के बिना, स्वामित्व के किसी दावे के बिना और आलस्य से मुक्त हो जाओ।'

ऐसा माना जाता है कि दैनिक जीवन में कर्म योग का अभ्यास व्यक्ति को फिट बनाता है, उसकी तर्क शक्ति को तेज करता है और क्रिया और ध्यान के माध्यम से उसकी मानसिक क्षमताओं को विकसित करता है।

कर्म योग का अभ्यास

कर्म योगी को अपने कर्म के फलों के प्रति अनासक्ति रखनी चाहिए। अनासक्ति भय और दुःख से मुक्ति दिलाती है। कोई भी व्यक्ति विभिन्न तरीकों से मानव जाति की सेवा कर सकता है। उसे अमीर व्यक्ति होने की आवश्यकता नहीं है। अगर कोई गरीब, बूढ़ा और बीमार व्यक्ति सड़क पर पड़ा मिले, तो उसे कुछ खाने को दें और फिर उसे इलाज के लिए पास के अस्पताल ले जाएं। एक पारिवारिक व्यक्ति अपने परिवार, अपने पड़ोसियों और समाज के अन्य सदस्यों की भलाई के लिए अपनी सारी सेवाएँ समर्पित करके कर्म योगी बन सकता है।

जबकि हठ योग मनुष्य के शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य पर ध्यान केंद्रित करता है, भक्ति योग ईश्वर की आध्यात्मिक प्राप्ति पर, वहीं कर्म योग शारीरिक और मानसिक दोनों पहलुओं को पूरा करता है।

लिंक:https://realhappiness.org/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858

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'പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലൂടെയുള്ള ഐക്യത്തിൻ്റെ' പാതയായി വ്യാഖ്യാനിക്കാം. പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലൂടെ പൂർണത കൈവരിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ശാസ്ത്രമാണിത്. വ്യക്തിപരമായ ആഗ്രഹങ്ങളോ ഇഷ്ടങ്ങളോ അനിഷ്ടങ്ങളോ പരിഗണിക്കാതെ തൻ്റെ സംശയങ്ങളും സങ്കടങ്ങളും ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് കൗരന്മാരുടെ അനീതിക്കെതിരെ പോരാടാനുള്ള തൻ്റെ ധർമ്മപരമായ കടമ നിർവഹിക്കാൻ ഭഗവാൻ കൃഷ്ണൻ അർജ്ജുനനെ ഉപദേശിക്കുന്നു.

ഭഗവത് ഗീതയിൽ കൃഷ്ണൻ പറയുന്നു ‘ഹേ അർജുനാ! എന്നെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള പൂർണ്ണമായ അറിവോടെ, ലാഭക്കൊതികളില്ലാതെ, ഉടമസ്ഥാവകാശത്തിന് അവകാശവാദങ്ങളില്ലാതെ, അലസതയിൽ നിന്ന് മുക്തമായി, നിങ്ങളുടെ എല്ലാ പ്രവൃത്തികളും എനിക്ക് സമർപ്പിക്കുക.

ദൈനംദിന ജീവിതത്തിൽ കർമ്മയോഗം പരിശീലിക്കുന്നത് ഒരു വ്യക്തിയെ യോഗ്യനാക്കുന്നുവെന്നും അവൻ്റെ യുക്തിശക്തിയെ മൂർച്ച കൂട്ടുമെന്നും പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലൂടെയും ധ്യാനത്തിലൂടെയും അവൻ്റെ മാനസിക കഴിവുകൾ വികസിപ്പിക്കുമെന്നും വിശ്വസിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു.

കർമ്മയോഗം പരിശീലിക്കുക

ഒരു കർമ്മയോഗിക്ക് തൻ്റെ കർമ്മഫലങ്ങളോട് അറ്റാച്ച്മെൻ്റ് ഉണ്ടായിരിക്കണം. അനാസക്തി ഭയത്തിൽ നിന്നും ദുഃഖത്തിൽ നിന്നും മോചനം നൽകുന്നു. ഒരാൾക്ക് മനുഷ്യരാശിയെ വ്യത്യസ്ത രീതികളിൽ സേവിക്കാം. അവൻ ഒരു ധനികനായിരിക്കണമെന്നില്ല. ദരിദ്രനും വൃദ്ധനും രോഗിയുമായ ഒരാളെ വഴിയിൽ കിടക്കുന്നത് കണ്ടാൽ അയാൾക്ക് എന്തെങ്കിലും കഴിക്കാൻ കൊടുക്കുക, തുടർന്ന് അടുത്തുള്ള ആശുപത്രിയിൽ ചികിത്സയ്ക്കായി കൊണ്ടുപോകുക. ഒരു കുടുംബാംഗത്തിന് തൻ്റെ എല്ലാ സേവനങ്ങളും തൻ്റെ കുടുംബത്തിൻ്റെയും അയൽക്കാരുടെയും സമൂഹത്തിലെ മറ്റ് അംഗങ്ങളുടെയും നന്മയ്ക്കായി സമർപ്പിക്കുന്നതിലൂടെ ഒരു കർമ്മയോഗിയാകാൻ കഴിയും.

ഹഠയോഗ ഒരു മനുഷ്യൻ്റെ ശാരീരിക ക്ഷേമത്തിലും ഭക്തി യോഗ ദൈവത്തെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള ആത്മീയ സാക്ഷാത്കാരത്തിലും ശ്രദ്ധ കേന്ദ്രീകരിക്കുമ്പോൾ, കർമ്മയോഗ ശാരീരികവും മാനസികവുമായ വശങ്ങളെ പരിപാലിക്കുന്നു.

ലിങ്കുകൾ:https://realhappiness.org/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/

Laughter - the best medicine

 

                     

                      Tags: laughter, medicine, sorrow, tests

It is recognized all over the world that  laughter  is the best medicine! Researchers have found that  positive  emotions  have a beneficial impact on a person's health. It has been observed  that watching comedy films boosts blood flow to the heart.

It was also found that artery blood flow was reduced after watching movie clips that caused distress; but  was increased  after watching movie clips that elicited laughter. The difference in flow between sad and happy responses exceeded an astonishing 50 percent.

The study was conducted on 20 healthy young adults after asking them to  view 15 to 30 minutes of  tragic / comic films. For the analysis 160 measurements of artery blood flow were taken before and one minute after exposing to phases of laughter or sadness.

Source: British Medical Journal - Specialty Journals / Kate Melville

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