Types of landslides
Land slides are classified depending on the type of
material and the type of movement of the material.
Type of
movement - slides, flows, spreads, topples
Type of
material- rock, debris, soil
There are
rock slides and mud slides. If the overlying material moves as a single mass, it
is called block slide. A type of landslide in which the particles move similar to that of a viscous
fluid it is called a flow. The
most common fluid is water. A spread is the lateral
movement of the coherent soil resting on a weaker substrata. Spreads
occur as the result of liquefaction caused by water saturation or earthquake. Topple failures involve the
forward rotation and movement of a mass of rock earth or debris out of a slope.
Causes of
land slides
Heavy rain
Earth quake
Deforestation
Construction
activities in mountainous regions
Effects of
landslides
Loss of life and
property
Shifting of general
public
Loss of fertile land
Damage of railway
track and highways
Diversion of river
water causing floods
Environmental
problems
Remedial
measures
Installation of early
warning systems
Identify probable locations
of landslide
Afforestation
Draw specific codes for construction of buildings
in the concerned areas
Insurance policies
for the affected people
Terrace farming in
the hilly areas
Improving drainage
Reduce the angle of
the slope
Protective wall at
the bottom of the slope
Deployment of rescue
personnel in case of emergency
Zones of
vulnerability
India is divided into
four zones of vulnerability.
Very
high: Himalayas, Andaman and Nicobar islands, NE region, Western Ghats
High:
Areas of very high vulnerability
except plains of Assam
Low: Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Aravalli
mountains, Deccan plateau
Other
areas: Remaining parts of India
India
Kedarnath (June 2013)
4000 people died
Dehradun (May 2016) 10
people died
Manipur (June 2022) 58 people died
Kerala (September
2021) 39 people died
Maharashtra (July 2021)
36 people died
Abroad
California, USA (September
2022) 20 people died
Durban, South Africa
(April 2022) 443 people died,40000 displaced
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Wow! Very informative. And timely, too, given what happened in Wayanad. Thanks for sharing it.
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